Concept And Meaning Of Job Specification
Job specification is a document or statement which spells out the minimum levels of qualification, skills, physical and other abilities, experience, judgement and attributes required to perform the efficiently and effectively. Job specification is prepared along with job description statement to explain the minimum acceptable human qualities necessary to perform the task effectively. It specifies the physical, psychological, personal, social and behavioral characteristics of each job-holder.
The job specification statement is an important tool in the selection process because it specifies the individual abilities, skills and knowledge of performing tasks. It keeps the selector's attentions on the list of qualifications necessary for an incumbent to perform the job. Finally, it allows him/her to determine whether candidates are qualified.
Therefore, a job specification is the listing of minimum levels of qualification, skills and abilities that an incumbent must possess in order to perform the required task properly. An individual possessing the minimum qualities specified in a job specification statement can perform the job more effectively than individual lacking them.
Contents Of Job Specification Statement
Following contents are included in job specification statement:
1.Required Education
Required level of education for each post that an incumbent is supposed to hold is listed in job specification statement. It also helps to determine the level or category of job in terms of rank.
2. Health And Physical Fitness
Physical fitness and health is a crucial aspect of good performance. Hence, body structure, physical ability and other aspects of health and fitness is a must in order to perform well in the organization.
3. Appearance
Appearance refers to an outlook of an employee, which must be attractive and good looking. The cleanliness and neatness of an individual shows his/her appearance. Hence, job specification statement defines the employee's appearance.
4. Mental And Other Abilities
The employee must be mentally fit to perform the desired task. If not, the problems may arise at the work floor. Mental fitness is associated with the ability of decision making, managing emotions and sorrows, dealing with different kinds of people etc.
5. Experience
Under it, the required level of experience in doing a particular task is explained, if necessary. An experienced employee will be preferable in comparison to the fresh candidate.
