The types and techniques of motivation refer to different methods of motivating employees. All such methods are based on an application of different motivation theories. Some of the important methods or types are as follows:
1. Participation
Participation refers to an activity of involving employees in management decision making and planning activities. Participation of employees in formulating corporate plans and policies provides the feeling of belonging, recognition, acceptance, accomplishment and responsibility. As a result, employees will be motivated for higher level of performance.
2. Behavioral Motivation
This refers to the process of enhancing employee's behavior with the help of different tools and techniques. Because changed behavior of employees can motivate themselves towards the higher level of performance. This also increases their job responsibility.
3.Money And Financial Benefits
Money and financial benefits are generated externally. They are provided in terms of pay, incentives, benefits and other tangible services. This works as a 'carrot' for motivating employees.
4. Work Group
Under it, employees are categorized into different work units to fulfill their different societal needs. Then the employees are allowed to work in group, and they discuss about the quality and productivity thereby finding out the causes of deficiencies. Hence, employees are self-motivated and self-directed towards the attainment of organizational jobs and responsibilities,
5. Profit Sharing Plans
It is another way of motivating employees by allowing them a certain percentage of profit. When employees are directly participated in the profit of the company, they can be motivated towards earning better profit.
6. Skill Based Pay
This method of motivation is concerned with paying employees on the basis of skill held by them while performing the tasks. By doing so, highly skilled employees will be directly motivated towards higher level of job performance. Similarly, employees with lower skills are induced to improve their skills and knowledge.
7. Flexible Return
This means designation of a pay system or incentive plan which is based on attempt shown by the employees in the actual work station. If individual's efforts and attempts are recognized by some sorts of considerations they can motivate themselves for higher level of performance.
8. Representation
It is another important form of motivating employees. Under this technique, employees are appointed in management committee to participate in decision making activities. If the employees get representation in the management, they can present their opinions, feelings, ideas and views clearly. Ultimately, this leads them towards their commitment at work.
